The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), an intergovernmental military alliance, has announced plans to massively increase the number of its forces at high readiness to over 300,000 troops.

The bloc’s rapid reaction force currently has 40,000 troops at its disposal, with many of those based along the alliance’s Eastern flank.

Speaking about the planned move, NATO Secretary-General, Jens Stoltenberg, said the increase followed a direct threat from Russia to European security. He earlier said that “the new military blueprint” would “drastically upgrade” the bloc’s Eastern defences.

Mr. Stoltenberg disclosed that several NATO battlegroups in Eastern Europe would be bolstered to “brigade level”, made up of tactical units of several thousand troops, which the bloc’s civilian leader revealed is intended to send a clear message of deterrence to Russia.

“I’m confident that Moscow, President Putin, understands our collective security guarantees, understands the consequence of attacking a NATO-allied country,” Mr. Stoltenberg told reporters at in a news conference in Brussels, pointing out that “It will trigger a response from the whole Alliance. And to underpin that message, we are increasing the NATO presence.”

The Make-up of NATO Forces and Plans Ahead

NATO’s rapid reaction force is a combination of land, sea and air assets, designed to be deployed quickly in the event of an attack. It has steadily grown in size from 13,000 troops to 40,000 since 2014.

Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, many of these forces were placed at “high readiness” for the first time. Multinational battlegroups are now active in a number of countries on Russia’s border, including Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania and Poland. Also, there are additional plans to deploy more battlegroups in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia.

The moves announced by Mr. Stoltenberg are expected to be approved at this week’s NATO summit in Madrid, Spain, which will follow the G7 meeting of industrial democracies currently taking place in Germany. Members are also expected to change the alliance’s official stance towards Russia, which was adopted in 2010 and described Moscow as a “strategic partner”.

“That will not be the case in the strategic concept that we will agree on in Madrid,” Mr Stoltenberg told reporters, adding that “I expect that allies will state clearly that Russia poses a direct threat to our security, to our values, to the rules-based international order”.

US Officials also briefed that a new, “strong” language will be adopted towards China. It is reported that now, both the US and UK have pushed for a more forceful stance to combat what they see as an increasing threat of attack against the democratic island of Taiwan by Beijing. But NATO diplomats told the media that France and Germany prefer adopting more restrained measures to tackle China.