Parliament will today vote on the Income Tax (Amendment) Bill, Excise Duty and Excise Tax Stamp (Amendment) Bills, as well as the Growth and Sustainability Levy Bill.
Approval of these outstanding revenue mobilization bills, will facilitate the Board Approval for the $3 billion International Monetary Fund (IMF) Programme staff-level agreement.
The passage of all the outstanding revenue Bills, which are necessary for effective Budget implementation, as well as boosting efforts at increasing Tax-to-GDP from less than 13% to the sub-Saharan average of 18%. The passage of the Bills, will enable the government to complete four out of five agreed prior actions, in the Staff-Level Agreement.
Already, the government has completed tariff adjustment by the Public Utilities Regulatory Commission (PURC), Publication of the Auditor-General’s Report on COVID-19 spending, and Onboarding of Ghana Education Trust Fund (GETFund), District Assemblies Common Fund (DACF) and Road Fund on the Ghana integrated financial management information system (GIFMIS).
The international and domestic bond markets, are shut for the financing of government programmes, forcing the government to rely on Treasury Bills and concessional loans as the primary sources of financing for the 2023 fiscal year.
Therefore, consideration and approval of fiscal measures by Parliament today, are critical for recovery from the current economic crisis.
Growth And Sustainability Levy Replaces The National Fiscal Stabilisation Levy (NFSL)
Director of Revenue Policy Division of the Ministry of Finance, George Swanzy Winful, explained that the Growth and Sustainability Levy is to raise revenue for growth and fiscal sustainability of the economy.
This he said, was necessary to bridge the financing gap created by COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine war. He hinted that Growth and Sustainability Levy is a temporal measure, expected to apply from 2023 to 2025, to help correct the imbalances being experienced.
Mr. Winful explained that Growth and Sustainability Levy, replaces the National Fiscal Stabilisation Levy (NFSL). According to him, National Fiscal Stabilisation Levy (NFSL), was being charged to 11 companies but the Growth and Sustainability Levy will apply to all companies.
He cautioned that if the bills are not passed, the government will be forced to review revenue estimates, which will have serious consequences on public funds. The Director of the Revenue Policy Division of the Ministry of Finance, explained that the government has indicated revenue mobilization plans to IMF, which includes the outstanding bills.
Therefore, he said failure to pass the bills, will exacerbate the already difficult financial position of the country. He pointed out that the country is in extraordinary times and appealed to the Members of Parliament to pass the outstanding bills today.
Mr. Winful pledged that the Ministry of Finance will deepen stakeholder engagements, to address the concerns of the public.
Income Tax (Amendment) Bill, 2022
The object of the Income Tax (Amendment) Bill, 2022 is to amend the Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896), to revise the rates of income tax for individuals and introduce an additional income tax bracket.
It will introduce a withholding tax rate on the realization of assets and liabilities and on winnings from the lottery, unify the loss carried forward provisions and revise the treatment of foreign exchange losses.
The Bill will also increase the optional rate for individuals on the gain from the realization of an investment asset, revise the upper limits for the quantification of motor vehicle benefits and increase the concessional income tax rates.
The individual personal income tax bands have been reviewed to accommodate the minimum wage for 2023, as the basic tax-free income and an additional band at 35% as part of the high-net-worth taxation policy.
The upper limits for the quantification of motor vehicle benefits, have not been revised since 2015. The government has therefore revised these upper limits, to account for inflation.
Compliance with the requirements for payment of tax on the realization of assets and liabilities, is being made more efficient with the introduction of a return, to be submitted within 30 days of the realization and a withholding tax.
The optional tax rate for individuals on the gain from realizations, has also been increased. The rate for income from gifts, will also be increased as a consequential amendment. The loss carried forward provisions are being unified at five percent, while the treatment of foreign exchange gains, is being restricted to actual losses.
Foreign exchange losses relating to capital expenditure is also to be capitalized. The income tax rates for temporary concessions are being reviewed upwards, with the intent to gradually phase them out.
These amendments are considered necessary to support the growing economy and will lead to a revenue yield of approximately GH₵1.290 billion (GH₵1, 290,000,000).
Excise Duty (Amendment) Bill, 2022
The object of the Excise Duty (Amendment) Bill, 2022 is to amend the Excise Duty Act, 2014 (Act 878), to revise the excise tax rates for cigarettes and other tobacco products, to conform with the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Protocols and raise revenue to mitigate the harmful effects of these excisable products.
The Bill will increase the excise duty in respect of wine, malt drinks and spirits; impose excise duty on sweetened beverages and electronic cigarettes and electronic liquids to increase revenue.
The ECOWAS directive on the harmonization of excise duties on tobacco products, directs that the excise duty on tobacco products must include an ad valorem duty and a specific duty.
Specifically, the ad valorem rate is required to be 50% or more, while the specific tax is required to be the minimum equivalent of $ 0.02 per stick in the case of cigarette, cigar and cigarillo and the cedi equivalent of $20 per net kilogramme for all other tobacco products.
The Bill also seeks to amend Act 878, to implement this Directive in line with Ghana being a member of ECOWAS. There has been an increase in the use of electronic cigarettes and other smoking devices over the last decade.
Currently, these products do not attract excise duty, but Excise duty will be imposed on these products as the nicotine and other chemicals used as additives are also harmful.
Apart from mineral waters and malt drinks, all other sweetened beverages, including processed fruit juices, do not attract excise duty. The Bill amends Act 878, to impose excise duties on these products and increase the excise duty on mineral waters and malt drinks.
Spirits have a higher alcohol content, compared to beer but the excise duty on spirits, is lower than that of beer. To address this, the excise duty on spirits is being raised above that of beer, in accordance with good practice on the imposition of excise duties. Consequentially, the excise duty on wines has been reviewed upwards.
For ease of reference and the record, the descriptions of the various products are being revised, to conform to the World Customs Organisation Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System.
The Bill amends Act 878, by substituting the First Schedule with a new Schedule. The rationale for the amendment is to revise the excise tax rates for cigarettes and other tobacco products to align with the ECOWAS Protocols and impose new excise tax rates on sweetened beverages. The passage of the Bill, will yield approximately four hundred and fifty-five million Ghana Cedis.
Growth And Sustainability Levy
The object of the Bill, is to impose a special levy to be known as the Growth and Sustainability Levy, to raise revenue for the growth and fiscal sustainability of the economy.
The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic, led to a significant reduction in revenues and increased expenditure enormously. The double jeopardy of the Russian-Ukraine war, has also resulted in unprecedented global crises, depreciation in currencies and impacted living conditions and inflation levels.
The Ghanaian economy, has not been spared these shocks. Further interventions are required to raise additional revenue, for national development and social protection for the vulnerable.
The introduction of the Growth and Sustainability Levy, is part of the Government’s efforts to raise funds for carrying out these interventions.
The Levy is to be imposed on profit, before tax of the companies and institutions and on the production in the case of mining, upstream oil and gas companies, specified in the first column of the Schedule.
The estimated revenue for 2023, is approximately GH₵2.216 billion. The Levy is subject to review by the Minister responsible for Finance, in 2025.
