In a significant move towards human rights advocacy, John Dramani Mahama, the flagbearer of the National Democratic Congress (NDC), has pledged to abolish the death penalty entirely in Ghana should he be elected President in the upcoming December 2024 elections.

This promise was made during a speech delivered by Madina MP, Francis-Xavier Sosu, on Mahama’s behalf at the launch of the Amnesty International State of the World Human Rights Report 2023 and the Death Penalty Report on Wednesday, May 29, 2024, at Fiesta Royale Hotel.

“In effect, I wish to give you my firm commitment, that during my tenure as President, Ghana will remove death penalty provisions from its statute books; substitute same for life imprisonment; and ensure that our country is regarded as an abolitionist state in line with both local and international law, treaties, and commitments.”
John Dramani Mahama, the flagbearer of the National Democratic Congress (NDC)

Mahama’s promise aligns with a broader human rights agenda, emphasizing that under his presidency, Ghana would ratify the 2nd Optional Protocol of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). This ratification aims to ensure that the death penalty is permanently abolished and never reinstated.

Additionally, Mahama committed to commuting the sentences of all 184 individuals currently on death row immediately upon assuming office. This action would be undertaken pursuant to Article 72 of the 1992 Constitution and reflects the NDC’s values as a social democratic party.

Highlighting Ghana’s current membership in the United Nations Human Rights Council, Mahama argued that the abolition of the death penalty would significantly enhance the country’s human rights profile.

Mr. Mahama noted that the timing is ideal for such a reform, especially when considered alongside recent legislation such as the Criminal Offences (Amendment) Act, 2023, which addresses issues like witchcraft accusations and provides increased protections for persons with disabilities, children, vulnerable women, and marginalized groups.

Implications of Abolishing the Death Penalty in Ghana

By abolishing the death penalty, Mahama believes Ghana would bolster its democratic credentials and enhance its reputation as a nation that upholds high human rights standards.

“This will ensure that we preserve our democratic status and enhance our credibility as a country that believes in the rights of all persons, and has high human rights values and credentials within the sub-region and comity of nations.”
John Dramani Mahama, the flagbearer of the National Democratic Congress (NDC)

Additionally, Mahama noted that removing death penalty provisions would require amendments to existing laws and the constitution. It would also involve the commutation of current death sentences to life imprisonment, thereby transforming the legal landscape regarding severe criminal penalties.

Abolishing the death penalty would align Ghana with international human rights standards and treaties, improving its human rights record. It would reflect a commitment to humane treatment and the value of life, setting a precedent for other countries in the region.

As a member of the UN Human Rights Council, Ghana’s abolition of the death penalty would enhance its standing and influence within international bodies and among countries committed to human rights reforms.

Mahama’s commitment to abolish the death penalty could become a significant campaign issue, potentially influencing voter sentiment and aligning the NDC with progressive human rights policies.

This announcement comes as a significant gesture of support for organizations like Amnesty International Ghana and other civil society organizations (CSOs) that have been instrumental in advocating for the removal of the death penalty and advancing human rights legislation in Ghana. It underscores Mahama’s dedication to human rights advocacy and his intention to lead Ghana towards greater alignment with international human rights standards.

The implications of this promise are far-reaching. If successful, Mahama’s initiative could significantly enhance Ghana’s global standing on human rights issues, attract international praise, and foster a more compassionate criminal justice system.

However, it also presents challenges, including potential opposition from conservative factions and the need for comprehensive legal and societal changes to fully implement these reforms. Nonetheless, Mahama’s commitment represents a bold step forward in Ghana’s journey towards becoming a model of human rights excellence in Africa.