Global Oil prices have edged higher on Tuesday, recouping some of the previous session’s losses, as market sentiment remained cautiously optimistic despite subdued trading activity ahead of the Christmas holiday.

By mid-day trading, Brent crude futures increased by 36 cents, or 0.5%, to $72.90 per barrel, while U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude futures gained 34 cents, or 0.5%, to $69.58 per barrel at 1213 GMT.

The slight uptick was attributed to improved market outlooks for the short term and supportive supply-demand dynamics.

However, FGE analysts noted, “as activity in the paper markets decreases during the holiday season and market participants stay on the sidelines until they get a clearer view of 2024 and 2025 global oil balances.”

The increase in oil prices comes amid predictions from analysts at consultancy FGE, who foresee benchmark crude prices fluctuating around current levels during the holiday season. They attributed this to reduced market activity and positioning in the paper markets.

“Given how short the paper market is on positioning, any supply disruption could lead to upward spikes in structure,” the FGE analysts explained in a note.

This cautious sentiment reflects the reduced appetite among traders to make bold bets in the absence of clear data on the trajectory of global oil demand and supply in the coming years.

Neil Crosby, assistant vice-president of oil analytics at Sparta Commodities, echoed a similarly mixed view.

“The year is ending with the consensus from major agencies over long 2025 liquids balances starting to break down,” Crosby said. He highlighted that the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) recently revised its short-term energy outlook (STEO), projecting a drawdown in global oil supplies in 2025.

This shift in outlook comes despite expectations that some OPEC+ barrels will return to the market next year.

Supply and Demand Dynamics

China’s announcement of a $411 billion fiscal stimulus plan has further bolstered oil price sentiment. As the world’s largest oil importer, China’s economic health and policies significantly impact global energy markets.

Beijing’s plan to issue 3 trillion yuan in special treasury bonds aims to invigorate its slowing economy through increased fiscal spending.

Kelvin Wong, a senior market analyst at OANDA, emphasized the near-term implications of this policy for crude oil.

“This move is likely to provide near-term support for WTI crude at $67 a barrel,” Wong said. By injecting liquidity into the Chinese economy, the measure could stimulate industrial activity and boost oil consumption, adding upward pressure to prices.

Meanwhile, market participants are also closely monitoring economic data from the United States, the world’s largest oil consumer. Data released on Monday presented a mixed picture.

Orders for key U.S.-manufactured capital goods surged in November, driven by strong demand for machinery. Additionally, new home sales rebounded, indicating a resilient U.S. economy as 2023 comes to a close.

However, not all indicators were positive. Consumer confidence fell more than expected in December, reflecting persistent concerns about inflation and potential economic headwinds in 2024.

The U.S. Federal Reserve’s monetary policy, which has remained hawkish throughout much of the year, also continues to pose uncertainty for oil markets. Higher interest rates could weigh on economic growth and, by extension, energy demand.

Despite the uncertainty, several factors in December’s supply and demand trends have contributed to analysts’ less-bearish views.

Global oil production cuts by OPEC+ nations have helped to tighten supply. Meanwhile, demand has shown signs of improvement, particularly in Asia, where refining activity has remained robust.

However, the market’s direction will hinge on several key factors moving forward. One critical variable is whether global supply disruptions arise, potentially triggering sharp price spikes.

This risk is heightened by the geopolitical tensions in oil-producing regions, which have historically influenced market stability.

China’s fiscal stimulus, resilient U.S. economic activity, and OPEC+ production strategies are among the critical factors shaping the near-term outlook. While supply disruptions could trigger volatility, a sustained rally will likely depend on stronger signals of global economic recovery and consistent demand growth in 2024.