Finance Minister Dr. Cassiel Ato Forson, while presenting the 2025 Budget Statement and Economic Policy in Parliament on Tuesday, March 11, underscored the significant fiscal risks posed by the energy sector.

He revealed that Ghana’s energy sector financing shortfall has been increasing at an alarming rate, jeopardizing the country’s economic stability.

“In 2024, the MoF supported the energy sector with payments of about GH¢20.8 billion.”
Dr. Cassiel Ato Forson, Finance Minister

He warned that, unless structural inefficiencies are addressed, this shortfall will continue to drain government resources that could otherwise be invested in critical infrastructure projects such as roads, schools, and hospitals.

Dr. Forson highlighted findings from a recent study conducted by the Energy Sector Financing Modeling Team under the Energy Sector Recovery Program (ESRP). According to the report, Ghana’s energy sector financing shortfall is projected to reach GHS 35 billion in 2025 alone, marking a steep increase from previous years.

“Mr. Speaker, more importantly, the shortfall for the period 2023-2026 has been estimated at about GH¢140 billion.
“This is over 20 times more than the allocation for Goods and Services for all MDAs for 2025.”
Dr. Cassiel Ato Forson, Finance Minister

This alarming figure underscores the unsustainable nature of the current energy financing model, which is heavily reliant on government support and creates a significant fiscal burden.

If the shortfall is not addressed, the government may face continued financial instability and an inability to prioritize key developmental initiatives.

Legacy Arrears and Unpaid Invoices

Another critical issue highlighted by Dr. Forson was the mounting legacy arrears owed by the government to independent power producers (IPPs), which have exacerbated the energy sector’s financial troubles.

These unpaid invoices, accumulated over several years, have left the sector with significant debts that threaten to destabilize energy supply and further undermine investor confidence.

As of the end of 2024, the outstanding legacy arrears stood at approximately 1.73 billion US dollars.

This large sum represents a significant liability for the government and raises questions about the management and sustainability of the country’s energy procurement and payment systems.

Dr. Forson stressed that addressing these arrears is critical to restoring confidence in the energy sector and securing the long-term viability of the energy infrastructure.

Urgent Need for Reform

The Finance Minister’s statements have placed a spotlight on the need for urgent reforms within the energy sector, particularly regarding revenue collection, cost management, and the financing structure of energy procurement.

“While the government continues to support the sector, the increasing financial burden is unsustainable, and the sector must be restructured to avoid further economic strain.”
Dr. Cassiel Ato Forson, Finance Minister

The energy sector’s fiscal challenges extend far beyond the immediate financial shortfalls; they also have broader economic implications.

The high cost of energy and frequent power supply disruptions have a direct impact on industrial productivity, business costs, and the overall competitiveness of Ghana’s economy.

If left unaddressed, these energy sector inefficiencies could hinder the country’s economic growth and development prospects.

In addition, the fiscal strain on the government caused by energy sector financing may limit the availability of funds for other essential public services, such as healthcare, education, and infrastructure development.

Dr. Cassiel Ato Forson’s budget statement has raised critical concerns about the fiscal risks posed by Ghana’s energy sector.

The growing financing shortfall, legacy arrears, and inefficiencies in the sector are putting immense pressure on the country’s fiscal health.

With an estimated 140 billion cedis in energy sector shortfalls over the next few years, Ghana faces a significant challenge in balancing its energy needs with its broader economic priorities.

The Finance Minister’s call for urgent action and reforms in the energy sector is a timely reminder of the importance of addressing these fiscal risks to ensure a sustainable energy future for Ghana.

Without decisive reform, the country risks continuing its reliance on expensive and inefficient energy sources, which could hinder long-term economic growth and development.