Clinical psychologist Salim Wangabi has urged the public to recognise persistent changes in mood, sleep, appetite and social behaviour as warning signs of depression, stressing that mental health is inseparable from well-being.
Speaking on “Silent Struggles: Recognising the Signs of Depression,” he explained that sadness is a normal human emotion, but prolonged distress that disrupts daily functioning requires attention and, where necessary, professional assessment.
“Mental health is an essential part of overall well-being, and no one can truly enjoy good health when their psychological and emotional needs are neglected. It is important to recognise mental health challenges and seek the necessary support.”
Clinical psychologist and Mental Health Advocate, Salim Wangabi
Wangabi explained that mental health concerns the functioning of the mind and brain, which regulate bodily processes and shape how people respond to challenges. A person may enjoy financial security and physical health yet struggle to work, answer calls or engage with others because of depression.
He cautioned against treating depression as a temporary mood or telling affected people to simply overcome it. Sadness after bereavement, job loss, examination failure or relationship breakdown is a normal response. The concern arises when it persists and begins to interfere with daily life.
Changes in Sleep, Appetite and Social Behaviour
Wangabi identified disrupted sleep and appetite among the signs that may accompany depression. Some people sleep excessively, while others experience insomnia. Appetite can also increase or decline, resulting in overeating or loss of interest in food.
“However, when that emotion of sadness continues for a longer period, it begins to affect significant areas of your life,”
Clinical psychologist and Mental Health Advocate, Salim Wangabi
Behavioural changes may become visible through withdrawal from family, friends and social activities. A person who previously enjoyed conversations and gatherings may begin isolating themselves in a dark room and avoiding contact.
He also highlighted hopelessness, worthlessness and feelings of failure as warning signs. In more serious cases, these thoughts may develop into suicidal ideation, including a belief that life is no longer worth living.
Severity Determines the Level of Intervention
The psychologist explained that depressive disorders vary in severity, ranging from mild and moderate to severe and profound. In milder presentations, a person may continue working and completing daily tasks despite reduced energy and noticeable changes in behaviour.
As symptoms intensify, cognitive changes can become more pronounced. Irrational thinking, persistent hopelessness and thoughts about not wanting to live may indicate a more serious condition requiring urgent attention.
Wangabi cautioned that depression can have biological, genetic and medical contributors. Changes involving neurotransmitters such as serotonin may affect mood regulation, while family history and other health conditions can also be relevant.
He stressed that proper screening is necessary before a clinical diagnosis. Conditions such as diabetes or stroke may contribute to depressive symptoms and must be considered during assessment.
Substance use can also play a role. Alcohol depresses the central nervous system, while stopping certain stimulants may lead to a drop in energy. Wangabi described depression arising from substance use or withdrawal as substance-induced depression.
Seek Help When Symptoms Persist
Wangabi advised people experiencing continuous sadness for two weeks, particularly alongside sleep disturbances, appetite changes, loss of interest and low energy, to consult a physician or counsellor.
He emphasised that support does not always begin with specialist treatment. Having a trusted person to talk to and share challenging experiences with can provide a source of support.
“Having someone you can talk to is important because, as human beings, we are social beings.”
Clinical psychologist and Mental Health Advocate, Salim Wangabi
He noted that family, friends, colleagues and community networks can help people navigate distress and avoid isolation. Social support can also provide alternative perspectives when individuals face setbacks in relationships, education or employment.
Understanding What Can and Cannot Be Controlled
Wangabi outlined three areas of control that can shape how people respond to difficult experiences: situations beyond their control, circumstances they can influence only partly, and personal choices for which they are responsible.
He explained that people cannot choose every circumstance, including their family background or unexpected events. Relationships, work, education and friendships involve other people and therefore cannot be controlled completely.
By contrast, individuals have responsibility for choices such as their actions, habits and responses. He warned that placing emotional well-being entirely in another person’s hands can deepen distress.
The psychologist also cautioned against relying solely on superstition to explain persistent symptoms.
Such beliefs may prevent people from recognising medical, behavioural or relationship-related factors that require attention.
He encouraged individuals to assess their circumstances realistically, seek support and consider professional help rather than dismissing symptoms or blaming external forces.
Recognising persistent changes early, he maintained, is an important step towards addressing depression.
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