The head of the Ivory Coast’s cocoa regulator disclosed that the country is struggling to sell cocoa export contracts for the 2024/25 season with multinational companies demanding it lower prices, which are elevated due to a supply squeeze.

Ivory Coast is the world’s top producer of cocoa, the main ingredient in chocolate. Along with neighbouring Ghana, it produces about two-thirds of the world’s supply.

The country expects a 25% drop from last year in cocoa arrivals for the current October-to-March main crop due to poor weather conditions, said Yves Brahima Kone, Director General of the Coffee and Cocoa Council (CCC).

Industry sources had previously told Reuters they expected a 20% drop in production for the 2023/24 season. London cocoa futures hit a record high on Monday, with speculators doubling down on bets for rising prices.

The CCC has started selling export contracts for the 2024/25 season but sales are slow with many companies unwilling to pay the going rate, said Kone.

One of the premiums that Ivory Coast uses to improve the income of cocoa farmers is known as the origin differential, and is paid by the trade to account for quality differences in beans from different origins. The premium is currently at zero but companies are pushing for it to be negative, Kone said.

“We started sales of export contracts for the 2024/25 season last week at the current market price but the multinationals approached us to demand a reduction in the origin differential which has already been at zero for many months. We want to tell the cocoa and chocolate industry… that we will not lower the differential. We have made too much effort and sacrifice for them.”
Yves Brahima Kone

Major companies such as Hershey (HSY.N), Nestle (NESN.S), Mondelez (MDLZ.O) and Barry Callebaut (BARN.S) buy cocoa from Ivory Coast.

Ivory Coast, Ghana Boycott Industry Meetings

Ivory Coast and Ghana boycotted industry meetings in Brussels last year over a similar price dispute. Ghana and Ivory Coast account for about two-thirds of global cocoa production, but farmers in these countries earn less than 6% of revenues in a chocolate industry valued at more than $100 billion a year.

Meanwhile, exporters reacting to the situation said they could not afford to purchase contracts for next season at current prices.

“No one can buy the 2024/25 contracts without a reduction in the origin differential. Prices are much too high and this creates too much risk for us if the market turns around and prices fall,” said the director of one multinational export company who requested anonymity to speak freely,” according to some exporters.

The director of another European export company said it would be forced to buy contracts for the 2024/25 season but would wait as long as possible, maybe until early next year.

Cocoa farmers in Côte d’Ivoire face a variety of problems, including soil degradation and plant diseases. The cocoa trees are old and the soil fertility depletes as it grows the same crop on it over 40 years. Productivity falls, and farmers do not have enough access to compost and fertilizer. Farmers also lack access to planting materials such as seeds and seedlings. Given this, they are demanding an increase in prices to shore up their income.